Our team understands that what should have been a joyful delivery in Bel Air South turned into a medical crisis. Jonathan Schochor and Kerry Staton have guided Maryland families through birth-injury cases since 1984, and we know the fear and confusion that follow a diagnosis of fetal acidosis. From our Baltimore office, just a short drive down I-95 and MD-24, we offer free, confidential consultations and charge no fees unless we win.
Call Bel Air South fetal acidosis attorney Jonathan Schochor at (410) 234-1000 for your free, confidential consultation. No fee unless we win.
What Is Fetal Acidosis and Why Does It Happen?
Fetal acidosis means a baby’s blood has become dangerously acidic because oxygen was cut off before or during labor. A healthy fetal blood pH rests around 7.3 to 7.4; values below 7.2 warn of serious distress. Oxygen normally flows through the placenta and umbilical cord, but that supply can falter when the cord is compressed, the placenta detaches, labor is prolonged, or maternal blood pressure drops.
Types of Fetal Acidosis: Respiratory vs. Metabolic
Respiratory acidosis develops within minutes when carbon dioxide cannot escape due to an acute cord or placental event. Metabolic acidosis builds over hours when chronic oxygen loss forces cells to produce lactic acid. In many deliveries, the two types overlap, compounding harm and requiring swift medical action.
What Are the Warning Signs of Fetal Acidosis?
Electronic fetal heart rate monitors often give the first clues. Category II or III tracings, late decelerations, or persistent bradycardia demand immediate intervention. Decreased fetal movement, meconium-stained fluid, or severe maternal hypotension are additional red flags. After birth, low Apgar scores, weak muscle tone, or seizures suggest the baby suffered acidemia during labor.
What Injuries or Long-Term Effects Can Fetal Acidosis Cause?
Untreated acidosis deprives a baby’s brain and organs of oxygen. Consequences can include:
- Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) leading to permanent brain injury.
- Cerebral Palsy that limits motor control.
- Seizure disorders and lifelong epilepsy.
- Developmental delays, cognitive impairment, or learning disabilities.
- Heart, kidney, or liver damage.
- Vision or hearing loss in severe cases.
- Stillbirth or neonatal death when oxygen deprivation is extreme.
Early, aggressive treatment can limit these outcomes, but minutes truly matter.
Could Fetal Acidosis Have Been Prevented with Proper Care?
Many cases are preventable. Good care requires continuous fetal monitoring, rapid response to non-reassuring patterns, and immediate Cesarean delivery when needed. ACOG guidelines emphasize that delays of even a few minutes can increase the risk of brain injury. When nurses ignore alarms or physicians adopt a “wait-and-see” approach, fetal acidosis can develop and escalate.
Common Medical Mistakes That Cause Fetal Acidosis in Newborns
Errors we frequently uncover include failure to monitor fetal heart tracings, waiting too long to order an emergency C-section, mismanaging forceps or vacuum extractors, over-stimulating contractions with Pitocin, and ignoring maternal complications such as preeclampsia or infection. Each lapse cuts oxygen to the baby.
Overlooked or Uncommon Negligence Scenarios
- Delayed response to umbilical cord prolapse when an immediate C-section is mandatory.
- Untreated maternal hypotension from an epidural that lowers placental blood flow.
- Short-staffed labor units where alarms go unanswered at night.
- Skipped late-pregnancy testing for high-risk mothers that would have revealed placental insufficiency.
- Communication breakdowns between nurses and on-call physicians that stall critical decisions.